Visa

Cards
Online Banking
Real Time Payments

Visa is a global card payment network enabling merchants to accept secure electronic payments worldwide.

Struggling with your approval ratio for this payment provider?

contact SmartRetry team →

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Company Overview

Official Website

visa.com

LinkedIn Page

Foundation

01/01/1958

Stock ID

Company Type

Employees

Location

Features

Global Acceptance Network

Accepted worldwide across online and in-store merchants.

Fast Authorization

Low-latency authorization with high network reliability.

Issuer Risk Signals

Detailed issuer responses and decline reason codes.

Fraud Prevention

Built-in network-level fraud and risk protection.

Visa Secure (3DS)

Support for strong customer authentication with frictionless flows.

Cross-Border Ready

Optimized for international and multi-currency transactions.

Tokenization & Wallets

Native support for network tokens and digital wallets like Apple Pay.

Tip from SmartRetry

Merchants can improve Visa approval rates by ensuring accurate transaction data, using authentication only when required, and handling issuer decline signals correctly to avoid unnecessary retries.

Available in

Global

FAQ

While issuers make the final authorization decision, Visa’s network standards, data quality requirements, and authentication frameworks can help reduce unnecessary declines.

Visa is a card network that defines rules and routes transactions, while a PSP connects merchants to acquirers and manages integrations, APIs, and payment flows.

Visa is considered a global network with acceptance in over 200 countries and territories, making a global availability classification appropriate.

Issuer declines originate from the issuing bank. Merchants should review authentication, transaction data quality, and retry strategies rather than assuming a technical failure.

Merchants should follow Visa’s official dispute and evidence rules, maintain clear transaction records, and track dispute lifecycle stages through their acquirer or PSP.

For DevelopersStatus Page visa-api

Statuses

Code	Name	Description	Level	Frequency
00	Approved and completed successfully	sample text here	Tier 0 - Success	Common
01	Refer to card issuer	sample text here	Tier 0 - Retry or Fix Data	Rare
02	Refer to card issuer, special condition	sample text here	Tier 1 - Retryable	Rare
03	Invalid merchant	sample text here	Tier 1 - Retryable	Frequent
04	Pick up card (no fraud)	sample text here	Tier 3 - Permanent Error	Moderate
05	Do not honor	sample text here	Tier 2 - User Action Required	Common
06	Error	sample text here	Tier 2 - User Action Required	Common
07	Pick up card, special condition (fraud account)	sample text here	Tier 0 - Retry or Fix Data	Common
10	Partial approval	sample text here	Tier 1 - Retryable	Common
11	Approved (V.I.P)	sample text here	Tier 1 - Retryable	Moderate
12	Invalid transaction	sample text here	Tier 0 - Success	Frequent
13	Invalid amount or currency conversion field overflow	sample text here	Tier 1 - Retryable	Common
14	Invalid account number (no such number)	sample text here	Tier 1 - Retryable	Moderate
15	No such issuer	sample text here	Tier 3 - Permanent Error	Rare
19	Re-enter transaction	sample text here	Tier 2 - User Action Required	Common
21	No action taken	sample text here	Tier 3 - Permanent Error	Moderate
25	Unable to locate record in file	sample text here	-	-
28	File temporarily not available for update or inquiry	sample text here	-	-
39	No credit account	sample text here	-	-
41	Lost card, pick up (fraud account)	sample text here	-	-
43	Stolen card, pick up (fraud account)	sample text here	-	-
46	Closed account	sample text here	-	-
51	Not sufficient funds	sample text here	-	-
52	No checking account	sample text here	-	-
53	No savings account	sample text here	-	-
54	Expired card or expiration date is missing	sample text here	-	-
55	Incorrect PIN or PIN missing	sample text here	-	-
57	Transaction not permitted to cardholder	sample text here	-	-
58	Transaction not allowed at terminal	sample text here	-	-
59	Suspected fraud	sample text here	-	-
61	Exceeds approval amount limit	sample text here	-	-
62	Restricted card (card invalid in this region or country)	sample text here	-	-
63	Security violation (source is not correct issuer)	sample text here	-	-
64	Transaction does not fulfill AML requirement	sample text here	-	-
65	Exceeds withdrawal frequency limit	sample text here	-	-
70	PIN data required	sample text here	-	-
74	Different value than that used for PIN encryption errors	sample text here	-	-
75	Allowable number of PIN entry tries exceeded	sample text here	-	-
76	Unsolicited reversal		-	-
78	“Blocked, first used”—Transaction from new cardholder, and card not properly unblocked		-	-
79	Already reversed (by Switch)		-	-
80	No financial impact		-	-
81	Cryptographic error found in PIN		-	-
82	Negative CAM, dCVV, iCVV, or CVV results		-	-
85	No reason to decline a request for address verification, CVV2 verification, or a credit voucher or merchandise return		-	-
86	Cannot verify PIN; for example, no PVV		-	-
89	Ineligible to receive financial position information (GIV)		-	-
91	Issuer or switch inoperative and STIP not applicable or not available for this transaction; Time-out when no stand-in; POS Check Service: Destination unavailable; Credit Voucher and Merchandise Return Authorizations: V.I.P. sent the transaction to the issuer, but the issuer was unavailable.		-	-
92	Financial institution or intermediate network facility cannot be found for routing (receiving institution ID is invalid)		-	-
93	Transaction cannot be completed - violation of law		-	-
94	Request is identified as a duplicate		-	-
96	System malfunction		-	-
1A	Additional customer authentication required		-	-
6P	Verification data failed		-	-
B1	Surcharge amount not permitted on Visa cards or EBT food stamps (U.S. acquirers only)		-	-
B2	Surcharge amount not supported by debit network issuer.		-	-
N0	Force STIP		-	-
N3	Cash service not available		-	-
N4	Cash request exceeds issuer or approved limit		-	-
N5	Ineligible for resubmission		-	-
N7	Decline for CVV2 failure		-	-
N8	Transaction amount exceeds preauthorized approval amount		-	-
P5	Denied PIN unblock—PIN change or unblock request declined by issuer		-	-
P6	Denied PIN change—requested PIN unsafe		-	-
Q1	Card Authentication failed		-	-
R0	Stop Payment Order		-	-
R1	Revocation of authorization order		-	-
R2	Transaction does not qualify for Visa PIN		-	-
R3	Revocation of all authorizations order		-	-
Z3	Unable to go online; offline-declined		-	-
5C	Transaction not supported/blocked by issuer		-	-
9G	Blocked by cardholder/contact cardholder		-	-
05	3DS Authenticated	The transaction was successfully authenticated using 3-D Secure. The cardholder completed the authentication challenge (frictionless or challenge flow). Liability typically shifts to the issuer.	Tier 0 - Success	-
06	3DS Attempted Authentication	The merchant attempted to authenticate the cardholder using 3-D Secure, but the issuer or cardholder did not complete the process. Liability shift may still apply depending on region and rules.	Tier 0 - Retry or Fix Data	-
07	Non-3DS / Unauthenticated Transaction	The transaction was processed without 3-D Secure authentication (e.g., merchant exemption, non-participating issuer, or out-of-scope transaction). Merchant bears liability.	-	-
Y		Authentication/ Account Verification Successful	-	-
N		Not Authenticated /Account Not Verified; Transaction denied	-	-
U		Authentication/ Account Verification Could Not Be Performed; Technical or other problem, as indicated in ARes or RReq	-	-
A		Attempts Processing Performed; Not Authenticated/Verified , but a proof of attempted authentication/verification is provided	-	-
C		Challenge Required; Additional authentication is required using the CReq/CRes	-	-
D		Challenge Required; Decoupled Authentication confirmed.	-	-
R		Authentication/ Account Verification Rejected; Issuer is rejecting authentication/verification and request that authorisation not be attempted.	-	-
I		Informational Only; 3DS Requestor challenge preference acknowledged.	-	-
S		Challenge using SPC	-	-
01		Card authentication failed	-	-
02		Unknown device	-	-
03		Unsupported device	-	-
04		Exceeds authentication frequency limit	-	-
05		Expired card	-	-
06		Invalid card number	-	-
07		Invalid transaction	-	-
08		No card record	-	-
09		Security failure	-	-
10		Stolen card	-	-
11		Suspected fraud	-	-
12		Transaction not permitted to Cardholder	-	-
13		Cardholder not enrolled in service	-	-
14		Transaction timed out at the ACS	-	-
15		Low confidence	-	-
16		Medium confidence	-	-
17		High confidence	-	-
18		Very high confidence	-	-
19		Exceeds ACS maximum challenges	-	-
20		Non-Payment transaction not supported	-	-
21		3RI transaction not supported	-	-
22		ACS technical issue	-	-
23		Decoupled Authentication required by ACS but not requested by 3DS Requestor	-	-
24		3DS Requestor Decoupled Max Expiry Time exceeded	-	-
25		Decoupled Authentication was provided insufficient time to authenticate Cardholder. ACS will not make attempt	-	-
26		Authentication attempted but not performed by the Cardholder	-	-
27		Preferred Authentication Method not supported	-	-
28		Validation of content security policy failed	-	-
29		Authentication attempted but not completed by the Cardholder. Fall back to Decoupled Authentication	-	-
30		Authentication completed successfully but additional authentication of the Cardholder required. Reinitiate as Decoupled Authentication	-	-
31-79		Reserved for EMVCo future use (values invalid until defined by EMVCo)	-	-
80-99		Reserved for DS use	-	-

Code
00
Name
Approved and completed successfully
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 0 - Success
Frequency
Common
Code
01
Name
Refer to card issuer
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 0 - Retry or Fix Data
Frequency
Rare
Code
02
Name
Refer to card issuer, special condition
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 1 - Retryable
Frequency
Rare
Code
03
Name
Invalid merchant
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 1 - Retryable
Frequency
Frequent
Code
04
Name
Pick up card (no fraud)
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 3 - Permanent Error
Frequency
Moderate
Code
05
Name
Do not honor
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 2 - User Action Required
Frequency
Common
Code
06
Name
Error
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 2 - User Action Required
Frequency
Common
Code
07
Name
Pick up card, special condition (fraud account)
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 0 - Retry or Fix Data
Frequency
Common
Code
10
Name
Partial approval
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 1 - Retryable
Frequency
Common
Code
11
Name
Approved (V.I.P)
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 1 - Retryable
Frequency
Moderate
Code
12
Name
Invalid transaction
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 0 - Success
Frequency
Frequent
Code
13
Name
Invalid amount or currency conversion field overflow
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 1 - Retryable
Frequency
Common
Code
14
Name
Invalid account number (no such number)
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 1 - Retryable
Frequency
Moderate
Code
15
Name
No such issuer
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 3 - Permanent Error
Frequency
Rare
Code
19
Name
Re-enter transaction
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 2 - User Action Required
Frequency
Common
Code
21
Name
No action taken
Description
sample text here
Level
Tier 3 - Permanent Error
Frequency
Moderate
Code
25
Name
Unable to locate record in file
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
28
Name
File temporarily not available for update or inquiry
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
39
Name
No credit account
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
41
Name
Lost card, pick up (fraud account)
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
43
Name
Stolen card, pick up (fraud account)
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
46
Name
Closed account
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
51
Name
Not sufficient funds
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
52
Name
No checking account
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
53
Name
No savings account
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
54
Name
Expired card or expiration date is missing
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
55
Name
Incorrect PIN or PIN missing
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
57
Name
Transaction not permitted to cardholder
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
58
Name
Transaction not allowed at terminal
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
59
Name
Suspected fraud
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
61
Name
Exceeds approval amount limit
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
62
Name
Restricted card (card invalid in this region or country)
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
63
Name
Security violation (source is not correct issuer)
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
64
Name
Transaction does not fulfill AML requirement
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
65
Name
Exceeds withdrawal frequency limit
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
70
Name
PIN data required
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
74
Name
Different value than that used for PIN encryption errors
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
75
Name
Allowable number of PIN entry tries exceeded
Description
sample text here
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
76
Name
Unsolicited reversal
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
78
Name
“Blocked, first used”—Transaction from new cardholder, and card not properly unblocked
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
79
Name
Already reversed (by Switch)
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
80
Name
No financial impact
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
81
Name
Cryptographic error found in PIN
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
82
Name
Negative CAM, dCVV, iCVV, or CVV results
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
85
Name
No reason to decline a request for address verification, CVV2 verification, or a credit voucher or merchandise return
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
86
Name
Cannot verify PIN; for example, no PVV
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
89
Name
Ineligible to receive financial position information (GIV)
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
91
Name
Issuer or switch inoperative and STIP not applicable or not available for this transaction; Time-out when no stand-in; POS Check Service: Destination unavailable; Credit Voucher and Merchandise Return Authorizations: V.I.P. sent the transaction to the issuer, but the issuer was unavailable.
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
92
Name
Financial institution or intermediate network facility cannot be found for routing (receiving institution ID is invalid)
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
93
Name
Transaction cannot be completed - violation of law
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
94
Name
Request is identified as a duplicate
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
96
Name
System malfunction
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
1A
Name
Additional customer authentication required
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
6P
Name
Verification data failed
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
B1
Name
Surcharge amount not permitted on Visa cards or EBT food stamps (U.S. acquirers only)
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
B2
Name
Surcharge amount not supported by debit network issuer.
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
N0
Name
Force STIP
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
N3
Name
Cash service not available
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
N4
Name
Cash request exceeds issuer or approved limit
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
N5
Name
Ineligible for resubmission
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
N7
Name
Decline for CVV2 failure
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
N8
Name
Transaction amount exceeds preauthorized approval amount
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
P5
Name
Denied PIN unblock—PIN change or unblock request declined by issuer
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
P6
Name
Denied PIN change—requested PIN unsafe
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
Q1
Name
Card Authentication failed
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
R0
Name
Stop Payment Order
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
R1
Name
Revocation of authorization order
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
R2
Name
Transaction does not qualify for Visa PIN
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
R3
Name
Revocation of all authorizations order
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
Z3
Name
Unable to go online; offline-declined
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
5C
Name
Transaction not supported/blocked by issuer
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
9G
Name
Blocked by cardholder/contact cardholder
Description
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
05
Name
3DS Authenticated
Description
The transaction was successfully authenticated using 3-D Secure. The cardholder completed the authentication challenge (frictionless or challenge flow). Liability typically shifts to the issuer.
Level
Tier 0 - Success
Frequency
-
Code
06
Name
3DS Attempted Authentication
Description
The merchant attempted to authenticate the cardholder using 3-D Secure, but the issuer or cardholder did not complete the process. Liability shift may still apply depending on region and rules.
Level
Tier 0 - Retry or Fix Data
Frequency
-
Code
07
Name
Non-3DS / Unauthenticated Transaction
Description
The transaction was processed without 3-D Secure authentication (e.g., merchant exemption, non-participating issuer, or out-of-scope transaction). Merchant bears liability.
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
Y
Name
Description
Authentication/ Account Verification Successful
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
N
Name
Description
Not Authenticated /Account Not Verified; Transaction denied
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
U
Name
Description
Authentication/ Account Verification Could Not Be Performed; Technical or other problem, as indicated in ARes or RReq
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
A
Name
Description
Attempts Processing Performed; Not Authenticated/Verified , but a proof of attempted authentication/verification is provided
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
C
Name
Description
Challenge Required; Additional authentication is required using the CReq/CRes
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
D
Name
Description
Challenge Required; Decoupled Authentication confirmed.
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
R
Name
Description
Authentication/ Account Verification Rejected; Issuer is rejecting authentication/verification and request that authorisation not be attempted.
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
I
Name
Description
Informational Only; 3DS Requestor challenge preference acknowledged.
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
S
Name
Description
Challenge using SPC
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
01
Name
Description
Card authentication failed
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
02
Name
Description
Unknown device
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
03
Name
Description
Unsupported device
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
04
Name
Description
Exceeds authentication frequency limit
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
05
Name
Description
Expired card
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
06
Name
Description
Invalid card number
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
07
Name
Description
Invalid transaction
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
08
Name
Description
No card record
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
09
Name
Description
Security failure
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
10
Name
Description
Stolen card
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
11
Name
Description
Suspected fraud
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
12
Name
Description
Transaction not permitted to Cardholder
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
13
Name
Description
Cardholder not enrolled in service
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
14
Name
Description
Transaction timed out at the ACS
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
15
Name
Description
Low confidence
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
16
Name
Description
Medium confidence
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
17
Name
Description
High confidence
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
18
Name
Description
Very high confidence
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
19
Name
Description
Exceeds ACS maximum challenges
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
20
Name
Description
Non-Payment transaction not supported
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
21
Name
Description
3RI transaction not supported
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
22
Name
Description
ACS technical issue
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
23
Name
Description
Decoupled Authentication required by ACS but not requested by 3DS Requestor
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
24
Name
Description
3DS Requestor Decoupled Max Expiry Time exceeded
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
25
Name
Description
Decoupled Authentication was provided insufficient time to authenticate Cardholder. ACS will not make attempt
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
26
Name
Description
Authentication attempted but not performed by the Cardholder
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
27
Name
Description
Preferred Authentication Method not supported
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
28
Name
Description
Validation of content security policy failed
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
29
Name
Description
Authentication attempted but not completed by the Cardholder. Fall back to Decoupled Authentication
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
30
Name
Description
Authentication completed successfully but additional authentication of the Cardholder required. Reinitiate as Decoupled Authentication
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
31-79
Name
Description
Reserved for EMVCo future use (values invalid until defined by EMVCo)
Level
-
Frequency
-
Code
80-99
Name
Description
Reserved for DS use
Level
-
Frequency
-

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